Answer: I appreciate that you visited out website and
expressed your heart felt sincerity for us suggesting that we must follow the
right and secure path by following the Holy Qur’ān and the Sunnah. Every sincere
Muslim should feel as you felt under your impression for your brothers and
sisters in Islam.
However, there are certain things that somehow eluded you
in understanding our point of view. I do not know how you perceived that we give
less importance to the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (sws) and take the Qur’ān as
the sole source for divine guidance. Please allow me to correct you that this is
not where we stand. We fully believe that salvation lies in professing faith in
and following the Prophet (sws) of Islam. There is no concept of inferring
complete guidance from the Qur’ān unless one combines it with the second source
of Islam, which is the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (sws). The entire religion,
Islam, hangs on to these two fundamental sources. However, the case of Ahādīth
is different. These are mostly referred to by the Hadīth scholars as Akhbār
A%hād. In other words, these are reports that have been transmitted to us by
some individuals. The very nature of this transmission entails that we exercise
prudence before we accept or reject any report. I mean we will need to see
whether the reporters involved in the chain of any particular report are
righteous and also competent enough to understand, retain and then properly
transmit what they heard or saw regarding the Prophet (sws) of Islam. We also
need to ascertain whether the chain of reporters is continuous and there is no
substantial time or place difference between the two consecutive reporters. In
addition, we also need to look for other corroborating reports to support the
one at hand. After going through this process, we become able to say that a
certain report is reliable. However, we must know that the criteria just
explained give a certain degree of authenticity to a report. They can never
substantiate its authenticity beyond a shadow of doubt. Because a transmitter
may have a highly good character, exceptionally good memory and outstanding
ability to comprehend and express the facts and figures; it can, however, never
be claimed that he has an ‘infallibly’ good character, ‘unfailing’ memory and
‘perfect’ understanding. Furthermore, the expedition to collect information
about those involved in the transmission of a report is another task that could
never be fault free. It is for this reason that the authenticity of an Hadīth
cannot be substantiated beyond a shadow of doubt. Therefore, every reasonable
person would agree that this source of knowledge should not be treated as a
fundamental source for religious decrees. However, we may benefit from it in the
light of the Qur’ān and the Sunnah. Allah has promised to protect the Book from
every kind of change. Moreover, it has been transmitted to us by such a majority
of people found in every Muslim generation as to eradicate the possibility of
any mistake. Same is the case with the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (sws): every
Muslim generation has acted upon the practices of the Holy Prophet (sws)
instituted as Sunnah and has thus transmitted them to the next generation. So
both these sources are reliable and will form basis for our religion—Islam. I
therefore very humbly place before you that exercising prudence while taking any
Hadīth is incumbent on every student of Islam.
Obviously, everyone who puts aside what is right no matter
if it is in the Ahādīth or a saying of a ten year old child in order to be
pleased with his own opinion, will come to account on the Day of Judgment.
However, I really think that his case is to be decided by the Almighty and not
by us—humans.
My dear brother, phrases like ‘in my opinion’ or ‘I think’
are not really intended to make the writer feel big. Suppose, you have an issue
on which you do not find any direct opinion in the fundamental sources of Islam.
You do ijtihād (pondering over an issue for solution) and come up with an
opinion. What should you do now? Should you label it as if it is come from the
Almighty? Of course, you need to mention that you—a fragile servant of Allah—has
arrived at this particular opinion. Really, I fear the time when I should be
held responsible for expressing an opinion which has been taken by some person
as the opinion of Allah!
As regards what you mentioned about the understanding of
the Companions (rta) of the Prophet (sws), I fully agree with you. They must
have comprehended the religion better than we can. But you need to consider the
fact that their understanding is conveyed to us only through some Ahādīth which
I have explained are not free from errors because of the nature of their mode of
transfer. Above all else, they were also humans like us. A true Muslim takes
only the opinion of Allah and His Prophet (sws) beyond errors and mistakes.
Everything else is subject to deliberation and constructive criticism. This is
what the approach of the Companions (rta) of the Prophet (sws) also was. |